2020年10月山东自考基础英语试题

课程代码：00088

一、单词或短语的英汉互译（共10分）（一）将下列词语译成中文（5分）1.foreign-trade zones  2.cost effectiveness3.investment demand  4.capital-output ratio5.the cost of production（二）将下列词语译成英文（5分）6.关税壁垒 7.供求机制8.存货占用成本9.营销商10.无形贸易二、词汇应用和语法结构（共30分）（一）语汇应用（15分）选择最佳答案完成句子11.The flight to Paris was________because of fog .A. delayed  B. deposedC. spanerted  D. rejected12.He________our returning home as soon as possible.A. advised  B. interestedC. persuaded  D. suggested13.Only hotel guests have the________of using the private beach.A. occasion  B. possibilityC. privilege  D. habit14.Nobody can explain the________of this commonly-used expression.A. beginning  B. starting-pointC. cause  D. origin15.Your usual teacher has lost his voice and ________I am taking his place today.A. besides  B. neverthelessC. however  D. therefore16.The old lady doesn’t like any visitors. Yesterday she was annoyed by the________of a stranger.A. intrusion  B. instructionC. inference  D. inflation17.He didn’t go into detail on the subject. He spoke in________A. common  B. regularC. general  D. ordinary18.The social security system provides________for retired citizens.A. wages  B. profitsC. rewards  D. pensions19.When they asked me to make a speech, I was at a________for words.A. lack  B. desireC. failure  D. loss20.As he had no friends or relatives in the town, the traveler tried to find a________somewhere.A. lodge  B. landingC. lodging  D. stay21.My sister________her shorthand ability by taking notes in shorthand during lectures.A. keeps up  B. keeps in C. keeps on  D. keeps with22.A________fund has been set up to send supplies to the refugees.A. pension  B. publicC. welfare  D. relief23.The man’s________was described as impatient in contrast to his wife’s.A. feature  B. personalityC. mark  D. property24.This newspaper provides more foreign news than________news.A. present  B. practicalC. domestic  D. native25.I like this classical music, but I can’t remember who________it.A. composed  B. designedC. invented  D. created(二)语法结构（15分）选择最佳答案完成句子26.________is of no consequence to me.A. He goes or stays B. Whether he goes or staysC. Whether he go or stays  D. He goes whether he stays27.The lawyer questioned the witness about________A. what knew he B. What did he knowC. he knew  D. what he knew28.He________on this essay for twenty minutes, but he has written only a hundred words.A. worked  B. will be workingC. has been workingD. would have worked29.Lanny had an advantage________his mother in that he was well-educated. A. for  B. onC. over  D. toward30.The present population of this city is three times________it was ten years ago.A. what  B. sinceC. that  D. as31.________the land is fertile, there is usually a large population.A. Although  B. WhereC. Whether  D. There32.You don’t need________for his permission every time you want to leave the room.A. to ask  B. askC. asking  D. being asked33.So badly________in the car accident that he had to stay in the hospital for treatment.A. did Peter injure B. Peter injuredC. Peter was injuredD. was Peter injured34.He congratulated them________what they had achieved. A. on  B. atC. for  D. about35.I should say Henry is not________much a writer as a reporter.A. that  B. soC. this  D. as36.________in this business, you have to be adaptable.A. Succeeding  B. Having succeededC. To succeed  D. To have succeeded37.I would have come sooner but I________that you were waiting.A. didn’t know B. haven’t knownC. hadn’t known D. knew38.He came to me last night to apologize for not doing what he________A. ought to do  B. should doC. ought to be doingD. ought to have done39.To our great disappointment, neither of the toys________to the children.A. appeal  B. appealsC. are appealing D. is appealed40.The particles in the atom are too small________A. seeing  B. seenC. to be seen  D. for seeing三、改错（共10分）下面句子中有A，B，C，D四个划底线部分，其中有一个是错误的，选出错误部分的字母，无需改正错误。41.Everyone who is from Boston and everyone who has ever been there have heard of the Old   A  B  C  DNorth Church.42.When I was grown up, I spent every summer helping out on my grandparents ’farm.  A  B  C  D43.It is driving on the left what causes visitors to Britain the most trouble.A  B  C  D44.Many baseball fans still believe that Babe Ruth was the greater baseball player of all times.A  B  C  D45.The man was seen run away with something black under his arm.A  B  C  D46.English words end in “ly ” are often adverbs, but they may also be adjectives such as A  B  C  D “friendly”.47.Your grade is based not only on how well you do on each test, but also how you participate in A  B  C  D discussions in class.48.To the two candidates, Mike and I, the final examination is not only the hardest, but also the A  B  C most exciting.D49.Many a young man tell me that he wants to become an English teacher and I always encourage A  B  C  D such people.50.While walking on a clear day, far from the city crowds, the mountains give me a sense of peace A  B  C  Dand freedom.四、完形填空（共15分）（一）每空提供四个选择项，选择最佳答案填空。（5分）  The story of Franklin’s kite is known everywhere. He had been experimenting about electricity, and in 1751 had published a paper  51  that electricity and lightning were the same thing. Both were  52  , both were of the same white color, both made a  53  , both made crooked flashes, and both could pass through metal.In order to  54  his claim, he and his son took a kite made of silk, and added a long  55  to the top and a piece of silk to the end of the string with which he  56  the kite. A metal key was hung  57  the silk and the string met. They flew the kite up into a thunderstorm,  58  themselves dry under a roof. When the kite reached the storm clouds, Franklin noticed that all the   59  parts of his string began to stand up and shake. When the kite touched lightning, a spark ran down the string from the sky; a rush of electric sparks began to appear on the key. As the string became  60  , the sparks came faster. They were sparks of electricity. Lightning was indeed electricity.51. A. said  B. saying  C. talking  D. talked52. A. dark  B. dim  C. bright  D. black53. A. voice  B. noisy  C. sound  D. noise54. A. test  B. declare  C. praise  D. improve55. A. thread  B. wire  C. pole  D. string56. A. held  B. made  C. controlled  D. got57. A. here  B. which  C. there  D. where58. A. keeping  B. taking  C. preventing  D. stopping59. A. tight  B. loose  C. long  D. short60. A. drier  B. dry  C. wetter  D. wet（二）从所给词汇中为每空选择一个适当的词。有必要时，改变其形式。（10分）

appearance, fastens, looses, damaged, fixed, metal, watertight,tool, waterline, neck, spaners, helmet, canvas, plastics  Some men spend much of their time under water. They are called  61  . If anything goes wrong with a ship below the  62  , a spaner puts on his suit and goes down with his  63  to repair the damage. He wears a special kind of suit made of rubber and  64  which keeps out the water. It covers his body from feet to  65  but leaves his hands free. His sleeves end in  66  cuffs (袖口) at the wrist. He puts on a heavy  67  connected with a tube which brings air from above the surface of the water. The helmet has windows and  68  to the neck of his suit. In order that the spaner may sink, his suit is “padded” back and front with plates of  lead and shoes are weighed with  69  . His clothes weigh about 150 pounds. Would you like to be a spaner, and perhaps go down to the bottom of the ocean to save the lives of men in a  70  submarine?五、阅读理解（共20分）本部分有两篇短文，每篇短文后有五个问题，每个问题有四个供选择的答案。请选择一个最佳答案。Passage 1  Since the earliest times, trees have always been very useful and important to man who made use of them in many ways, Even today trees continue to serve man in so many ways. Trees provide man with fruits and building materials in the form of wood. Without trees if would be impossible to build houses, boats and even bridges. Furniture such as tables, chairs and beds is made of wood. In the tropics (热带地区) where it is very hot throughout the year, trees protect man from the terrible heat. They are also useful in preventing good and rich top soil from being washed away during heavy rains which are so common in the tropics.If there were no trees or vegetation (植被) of some kind to hold back the soil with their roots, heavy rain would wash away the rich surface soil that is so important and necessary to agriculture. The result is that the land becomes a desert.There are so many desert areas in the world. A long time ago these desert areas must have been very fertile (肥沃的) areas, but since our ancestors (祖先) in the distant past did not have enough knowledge about science of nature, they cut down all the trees in the areas where they lived and never planted new ones. By and by, the rich surface soil was blown and washed away by strong winds and heavy rains. In the end the lands were turned into useless deserts where nothing could grow.71.＂Rich top Soil＂ in Line 2, Paragraph 2 means________ and is ________.A. useless soil … of no use for agricultureB. soil on the surface of the earth … good for agricultureC. soil found under the earth … found under the roots of treesD. dry soil in desert areas … bad for agriculture72. According to the passage, some desert areas were once________.A. fertile lands  B. very wetC. very cold  D. very dry and useless lands73.If there were no trees,________.A. the land would become more fertile  B. heavy rains would clean the tropicsC. the rich top soil couldn’t be held backD. the balance of nature is unimportant to man74.From this passage, we know that ________.A. man can do nothing to keep the balance of natureB. man may take no notice of the balance of natureC. man must do his best to keep the balance of natureD. man must have knowledge of science of nature75. The best title of this passage is________.A. The Uses and Importance of Trees  B. The Importance of Top SoilC. How Are Rich Lands Turned into DesertsD. Keep the Balance of NaturePassage 2  Are some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience? Strangely enough, the answer to both questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of a person’s intelligence are fixed at birth, but whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from the population, it is likely that their degree of intelligence will be completely different. If on the other hand we take two identical twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all, are likely to have similar degree of intelligence.76.Which of the following best describes the writer’s point in Paragraph One?A. To some extent, intelligence is given at birth.B. Intelligence is developed by the environment.C. Some people are born clever and others born stupid. D. Intelligence is fixed at birth, but is developed by the environment.77.In the first paragraph,＂no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence＂suggests that________.A. the difference in men’s intelligence depends on the amount of their educationB. no environment can change the least able into the most ableC. if a person is born clever, he is certain to be a geniusD. if a person is born stupid, nothing can change him into an educated person78.It is suggested in this passage that________.A. close relations usually have similar intelligenceB. unrelated people are not likely to have different intelligenceC. the closer the blood relationship between two people, the more different they are likely to be in intelligenceD. people who live in close contact with each other are not likely to have similar degrees of intelligence79.The last paragraph mainly indicates________.A. the importance of educationB. the relationship between environment and birthC. the relationship between intelligence and environmentD. the writer’s final conclusion80.The best title for this passage would be________.A. Dependence on Environment  B. Effect of EducationC. Surroundings  D. Intelligence六、英汉句子互译（共15分）（一）将下列句子译成中文81.Monopoly and competition are very generally regarded, not simply as antithetical, but as mutually exclusive.(4分)82.When we are very frightened and worried, our bodies produce certain chemicals to help us fight what is troubling us.（4分）（二）将下列句子译成英文83.我们相信，我们的产品在品质和价格方面都有足够的吸引力。（4分）84.去年，尽管在有形贸易方面存在贸易差额，英国没有出现赤字。（3分）